{"id":1458,"date":"2016-03-29T22:20:39","date_gmt":"2016-03-29T22:20:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/elmontgomery.com\/?p=1171"},"modified":"2022-12-06T17:28:32","modified_gmt":"2022-12-07T00:28:32","slug":"use-chlorofluorocarbons-aquifer-characterization","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/elmontgomery.com\/es\/hydro-notes\/use-chlorofluorocarbons-aquifer-characterization\/","title":{"rendered":"Uso de clorofluorocarbonos para la caracterizaci\u00f3n de acu\u00edferos"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Durante los a\u00f1os 1950 a 1980, varios clorofluorocarbonos (CFC), incluidos CFC-11, CFC-12 y CFC-113, se usaron en refrigeraci\u00f3n y otros sistemas y se liberaron a la atm\u00f3sfera. Estas sustancias luego pasaron de la atm\u00f3sfera a las aguas superficiales y subterr\u00e1neas a trav\u00e9s de la precipitaci\u00f3n como parte del ciclo hidrol\u00f3gico. Las concentraciones de CFC en las aguas subterr\u00e1neas en los \u00faltimos 60 a\u00f1os han sido lo suficientemente altas como para ser medidas por m\u00e9todos de laboratorio; en consecuencia, si se detectan CFC en el agua, podemos suponer que al menos una parte de la recarga del agua ocurri\u00f3 dentro de este per\u00edodo de tiempo.<\/p>\n<p>La edad del agua se puede calcular comparando las proporciones equivalentes de los CFC en el agua con las concentraciones atmosf\u00e9ricas hist\u00f3ricas conocidas, que se han desarrollado durante los \u00faltimos 60 a\u00f1os para los hemisferios norte y sur (Kazemi, 2006; IAEA, 2006). Esta comparaci\u00f3n es posible porque la solubilidad de los CFC, una funci\u00f3n de la temperatura y la altitud (presi\u00f3n atmosf\u00e9rica), se conoce para estos compuestos. Utilizando la Ley de Henry, podemos determinar la presi\u00f3n parcial inicial y posteriormente la cantidad de CFC en el agua de recarga atmosf\u00e9rica.<\/p>\n<p>Varios factores pueden influir en la fiabilidad de los c\u00e1lculos de edad de CFC. Uno son los efectos de los procesos qu\u00edmicos; otra es la mezcla que puede ocurrir entre aguas de diferentes edades. En consecuencia, la edad calculada se denomina \u201cedad aparente\u201d. La confiabilidad de la edad aparente se puede obtener aplicando t\u00e9cnicas de calibraci\u00f3n utilizando variables conocidas (temperatura y altitud de recarga). Esto nos permite distinguir potencialmente diferentes aguas seg\u00fan el momento de la recarga del agua.<\/p>\n<p>Si bien la ausencia de CFC en el agua no necesariamente sugiere agua m\u00e1s antigua, su presencia en muestras no contaminadas puede proporcionar informaci\u00f3n valiosa sobre los patrones de flujo de agua subterr\u00e1nea que pueden no ser evidentes con los m\u00e9todos tradicionales, como el an\u00e1lisis de datos potenciom\u00e9tricos. El an\u00e1lisis CFC es un m\u00e9todo m\u00e1s para apoyar la validez del modelo hidrogeol\u00f3gico conceptual para un sistema acu\u00edfero.<\/p>\n<p>\u2014Juan Pablo Schuster \/ <a href=\"https:\/\/elmontgomery.com\/staff-bio\/mike-rosko\/\" data-no-translation=\"\">Michael Rosko<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Referencias <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Organismo Internacional de Energ\u00eda At\u00f3mica, 2006, <em>Uso de clorofluorocarbonos en hidrolog\u00eda: una gu\u00eda<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Kazemi, Gholam A., 2006, <em>Edad del agua subterr\u00e1nea<\/em>, John Wiley e hijos<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>During the years 1950 to 1980, various chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) \u2014  [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":9241,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1458","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hydro-notes"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Use of chlorofluorocarbons for aquifer characterization - Montgomery &amp; 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